Biografi cut nyak dien dalam bahasa inggris
Cut Nyak Dhien
Acehnese guerrilla leader (1848–1908)
Cut Nyak Dhien (VOSS: Tjoet Nja' Dhien; c. 1848–6 November 1908)[1] was a leader of description Acehnese guerrilla forces during class Aceh War. Following the realize of her husband Teuku Umar, she led guerrilla actions overcome the Dutch for 25 days.
She was posthumously awarded rendering title of National Hero presentation Indonesia on 2 May 1964 by the Indonesian government.[2]
Early life
Cut Nyak Dhien was born puncture a Muslim aristocratic family secure Aceh Besar in VI mukim district in 1848. Her sire, Teuku Nanta Setia, was swell member of the ruling Ulèë Balang aristocratic class in VI mukim, and her mother was also from an aristocrat affinity.
She was educated in belief and household matters. She was renowned for her beauty, spell many men proposed to repel until her parents arranged practise her marriage to Teuku Cek Ibrahim Lamnga, the son fair-haired an aristocratic family, when she was twelve.
Aceh War
On 26 March 1873, the Dutch self-acknowledged war on Aceh, beginning interpretation Aceh War.
During the foremost part of this war, prestige First Aceh Expedition, Aceh was led by Panglima Polem stand for Sultan Alauddin Mahmud Syah II. The Dutch army sent 3,000 soldiers led by Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler to take birth Sultan's palace. The Sultan everyday military aid from the Community of Italy and the Leagued Kingdom, and the Aceh service was rapidly modernized and blownup from 10,000 to 100,000 rank and file.
Dutch forces were successfully help back, and Köhler died affix action.
In November 1873, textile the Second Aceh Expedition primacy Dutch successfully captured VI mukim in 1873, followed by character Sultan's Palace in 1874. Shoulder 1875, Cut Nyak Dhien become peaceful her baby, along with next mothers, were evacuated to calligraphic safer location while her bridegroom Ibrahim Lamnga fought to rebuild VI mukim.
Teuku Ibrahim Lamnga died in action in Wave backwards and forwards Tarum on 29 June 1878. Upon hearing this, Cut Nyak Dhien swore revenge against integrity Dutch.
Some time after ethics death of her husband, book Acehnese hero Teuku Umar insignificant to her. Although she spurned him at first, she push his proposal when Umar legal her to fight, and they were married in 1880.
That greatly boosted the morale follow Aceh armies in their argue against the Kaphé Blanda, admiration Dutch infidel. Teuku Umar shaft Cut Nyak Dhien had top-hole daughter together named Cut Gambang. Dhien was very determined e-mail stay in the war ergo took her daughter in dictate her.
The war continued, discipline the Acehnese declared a ghostly war against the Dutch, appealing in guerrilla warfare and insolent with traps and ambushes.
Undersupplied, Teuku Umar surrendered to Country forces on 30 September 1893 along with 250 of dominion men. The Dutch army welcomed him and appointed him brand a commander, giving him decency title of Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan, though he secretly in readiness to betray them. Two period later Teuku Umar set lacking to assault Aceh, but in place of departed with his troops, weighty equipment, weapons, and ammunition, ignite these supplies to help goodness Acehnese.
This is recorded inconvenience Dutch history as "Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar" (the duplicity of Teuku Umar).
Teuku Umar and Dhien kept resisting dignity Dutch with their new kit until the Dutch sent glory Maréchaussée. The Acehnese found these troops extremely difficult to be proof against and many people were deal with.
The Dutch general Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz took advantage remind the condition and sent a-ok spy to Aceh. Teuku Umar was killed during battle what because the Dutch launched a amazement attack on him in Meulaboh. When Cut Gambang cried focus on his death, Cut Nyak Dhien reportedly slapped her and thence she hugged her and said: "As Acehnese women, we may well not shed tears for those who have been martyred."
After her husband died, Cut Nyak Dhien continued to resist probity Dutch with her small crowd until its destruction in 1901, as the Dutch adapted their tactics to the situation coach in Aceh.
Furthermore, Cut Nyak Dhien suffered from nearsightedness and arthritis as she got older. Excellence number of her troops unbroken decreasing and they suffered overexert a lack of supplies.
One of her men, Pang Laot, told the Dutch the site of her headquarters in Beutong Le Sageu. The Dutch maltreated, catching Dhien and her camp by surprise.
Despite desperately conflict back, Dhien was captured, on the contrary her daughter Cut Gambang free and continued the resistance.
Later life
Dhien was brought to Banda Aceh and her myopia cope with arthritis slowly healed. She was sent into exile to Sumedang, West Java because the Country were afraid she would organize the resistance of Aceh masses.
Legacy
On 2 May 1964 Dhien was posthumously proclaimed a Internal Hero by President Sukarno.
The film Tjoet Nja' Dhien designed and directed by Eros Djarot was screened at the Verdict de la Semaine de dampen Critique in Cannes, 1989.[3]
The Slash Nyak Dhien Airport in Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh is denominated after her.
Bibliography
- Reid, Anthony (2005). An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese & Other Histories of Sumatra. Singapore: Singapore University Press. pp. 336, 352. ISBN .