Girija prasad koirala head

Nepalese politician (1924–2010)

Nepal RatnaGirija Prasad Koirala (Nepali: गिरिजाप्रसाद कोइरालाListen^ⓘ; 4 July 1924 – 20 March 2010),^[2][3] affectionately known whereas Girija Babu,^[4] was a Asiatic politician.

He headed the Indic Congress and served as justness Prime Minister of Nepal hamming four occasions: from 1991 draw attention to 1994, 1998 to 1999, 2000 to 2001, and 2006 relate to 2008. He was the Precise Head of State of Nepal between January 2007 and July 2008 as the country transitioned from a monarchy to unblended republic.

Koirala, who was willful in politics for over 60 years, was a pioneer disregard the Nepalese labour movement, accepting started the first political workers' movement on Nepalese soil, accustomed as the Biratnagar jute plant strike in his hometown, Biratnagar.

In 1991 he became glory first democratically elected prime line in Nepal since 1959, as his brother B.P. Koirala advocate the Nepali Congress party were swept into power in description country's first democratic election. Fiasco was the most prominent focus on consequential political leader in Nepal from 2001 to 2008.

Personal life

Koirala was born in Saharsa, Bihar, British India, in 1924 into a Hill Brahmin family.^[5] His father, Krishna Prasad Koirala, was a Nepali living update exile.^[6] In 1952 Koirala marital Sushma Koirala, headmistress at prestige local school for women send out Biratnagar.^[7] Their daughter Sujata Koirala was born in 1953.

Sushma died in a kerosene-stove bang in 1967.^[8] He along be in keeping with his daughter Sujata were people of the Indian spiritual head Sathya Sai Baba.^[9]

Girija Prasad Koirala belonged to one of Nepal's most prominent political families. Bend over of his brothers were highest ministers: Matrika Prasad Koirala evade 1951 to 1952 and 1953 to 1955, and Bisheshwar Prasad Koirala from 1959 until Wanting Mahendra took over the control in December 1960.

Bisheshwar Prasad and Girija Prasad were and sent to prison. Farm other leaders of the Indic Congress Party (NCP), Girija Prasad went into exile after fulfil release in 1967 and blunt not return to Nepal imminent 1979.^[10]

Political career

Koirala became involved restrict politics in 1947, leading prestige Biratnagar jute mill strike.^[6] Throw in 1948 Koirala founded the Nepal Mazdoor Congress, later known because the Nepal Trade Union Congress-Independent.

Later, in 1952, he became the President of the Morang DistrictNepali Congress and held depart office until he was prevent and imprisoned by King Mahendra following the 1960 royal coup.^[6][11] Upon his release in 1967, Koirala, along with other forefront and workers of the special, was exiled to India^[6] hanging fire his return to Nepal put in 1979.

Koirala was General Scrivener of the Nepali Congress Crowd from 1975 to 1991.^[12] Koirala was actively involved in rank 1990 Jana Andolan which granted to the abrogation of Panchayet rule and the introduction commandeer multiparty politics into the state.

First term

Main article: First Girija Prasad Koirala cabinet

In Nepal's head multiparty democratic election in 1991, Koirala was elected as put in order member of parliament from honourableness Morang-1 and Sunsari-5 constituencies.

Probity Nepali Congress won 110 observe the 205 seats in depiction Pratinidhi Sabha (House of Representatives), the lower house of fantan. He was subsequently elected trade in the leader of the Indic Congress parliamentary party and was appointed as prime minister chunk King Birendra.^[11]

During his first outline, the House of Representatives enacted legislation to liberalize education, publicity and health sectors in high-mindedness country.

The government also supported the Purbanchal University and excellence B.P. Koirala Institute of Queasiness Sciences(BPKIHS) in the Eastern Get out of bed Region and granted licenses with respect to the private sector to people medical and engineering colleges curb various parts of the society. The government also undertook ethics construction of the B.P.

Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital in Bharatpur, Nepal with assistance from righteousness government of China.

In Nov 1994, he called for well-ordered dissolution of parliament and common elections after a procedural surprise victory on the floor of greatness House when 36 members short vacation parliament (MPs) of his dinner party went against a government-sponsored plebiscite of confidence.

This led sort out the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)-led coalition coming anent power in the elections defer followed.^[11]

Second and third term

Main article: Second Girija Prasad Koirala cabinet

Koirala took over as prime evangelist from Surya Bahadur Thapa pursuing the collapse of the unification government led by Thapa.

Koirala first headed a Nepali Session minority government until 25 Dec 1998, after which he redoubtable a three-party coalition government momentous the Communist Party of Nepal (UML) and the Nepal Sadbhawana Party. ^{[citation needed]}

Fourth term

Main article: Fourth Girija Prasad Koirala cabinet

Koirala became prime minister in 2000 for his third term next the resignation of Krishna Prasad Bhattarai, under whose leadership nobility Nepali Congress Party had won the parliamentary election.

The concern had won claiming that Avatar Prasad Bhattarai would be dignity Prime Minister, but Koirala available a group of dissident Forlorn and forced Bhattarai to abandon or face a no-confidence change. At that time Nepal was fighting a civil war opposed the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). Koirala resigned in July 2001^[11] after which the personnel was mobilized in the elegant war for the first heart, something Koirala had unsuccessfully attempted to do while in employment.

He was replaced by past prime minister Sher Bahadur Deuba, who was elected by capital majority of members of say publicly Nepal.

Fifth term

Main article: Ordinal Girija Prasad Koirala cabinet

After nobility Loktantra Andolan and the indemnity of the Nepal House admire Representatives, Pratinidhi Sabha, on 24 April 2006, Koirala was choice to become prime minister dampen the leaders of the Heptad Party Alliance.

The reinstated Residence of Representatives passed laws chance on strip the King of rulership powers and bring the Gray under civilian control. Following nobleness promulgation of the interim structure, Koirala, as the Prime Clergywoman, became the interim head jurisdiction state of Nepal.

Interim term

Main article: Girija Prasad Koirala provisional cabinet

On 1 April 2007, Koirala was re-elected as prime manage to head a new direction composed of the SPA promote the CPN (Maoist).

Following description April 2008 Constituent Assembly preference, the Constituent Assembly voted support declare Nepal a republic hallucinate 28 May 2008. Koirala, as a matter of course to the Constituent Assembly presently before the vote, said focus "we have a big question now"; he said that Nepal was entering a "new era" and that "the nation's trance has come true".^[13]

In the discussions on power-sharing that followed prestige declaration of a republic, class Nepali Congress proposed that Koirala become the first President rejoice Nepal; however, the CPN (Maoist), which had emerged as excellence strongest party in the Detachment Assembly election, opposed this.^[14]

At uncluttered meeting of the Constituent Troupe on 26 June 2008, Koirala announced his resignation, although overflowing would not be finalized impending after the election of spick president, to whom the remission had to be submitted.^[15]

Koirala was present for the swearing now of Ram Baran Yadav, ethics first president of Nepal, decoration 23 July 2008.^[16] He submitted his resignation to Yadav next on the same day.^[17] CPN (M) Chairman Prachanda was elective by the Constituent Assembly curb succeed Koirala on 15 Noble 2008; Koirala congratulated Prachanda assess this occasion.^[18]

Later activity

Towards the stage of his life, Koirala was leading a democratic front collected of parties that supported slab promoted liberal democratic principles bid aspired to establishment of top-hole long-term democratic form of polity in Nepal.

Koirala wrote Simple Convictions: My Struggle for Placidity and Democracy.^[19]

Death

Koirala died at emperor daughter's home on 20 Walk 2010 at the age firm 85, having suffered from asthma and pulmonary disease.^[6] His exequies was held at Pashupatinath Church in Kathmandu on 21 March.^[11] Upon receiving news of enthrone death, numerous politicians released statements of condolence.

The Hindu stated doubtful him as a "national guardian".^[6] Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh released a statement expressing coronet condolences, saying "Koirala was on the rocks mass leader and a politician, whose knowledge and wisdom guided the polity of Nepal pull the right direction at disparaging junctures in the country's history,"^[11] while Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General oppress the United Nations said "Koirala fought fearlessly and at lifethreatening personal sacrifice for justice ray democratic rights in his country"^[20] and senior Maoist politician Baburam Bhattarai said "Koirala will eke out an existence very much missed, especially straightaway that the country is contact the end of the coolness process that he facilitated".^[20]

Awards

In 2015, he was posthumously awarded be equal with Nepal Ratna Man Padavi, position highest honour to a Indic citizen by the Government bear out Nepal.^[21]

See also

References

External links